aoPSDs.hpp

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/** \file aoPSDs.hpp
 * \author Jared R. Males (jaredmales@gmail.com)
 * \brief Spatial power spectra used in adaptive optics.
 * \ingroup mxAO_files
 *
 */
 
//***********************************************************************//
// Copyright 2016-2018 Jared R. Males (jaredmales@gmail.com)
//
// This file is part of mxlib.
//
// mxlib is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// mxlib is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with mxlib.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
//***********************************************************************//
 
#ifndef aoPSDs_hpp
#define aoPSDs_hpp
 
#include <string>
 
#include "../../mxError.hpp"
#include "../../math/constants.hpp"
#include "../../math/func/jinc.hpp"
 
#include "aoConstants.hpp"
 
#include "aoAtmosphere.hpp"
 
namespace mx
{
namespace AO
{
namespace analysis
{
 
namespace PSDComponent
{
/// Enum to specify which component of the PSD to calcualte
enum
{
    phase,        ///< The phase or OPD
    amplitude,    ///< The amplitude
    dispPhase,    ///< The phase component of dispersive anisoplanatism
    dispAmplitude ///< The amplitude component of dispersive anisoplanatism
};
 
std::string compName( int cc );
 
int compNum( const std::string &name );
} // namespace PSDComponent
 
/// Manage calculations using the von Karman spatial power spectrum.
/** This very general PSD has the form
  *
  * \f[
    \mathcal{P}(k) = \frac{\beta}{ ( k^2 + k_0^2) ^{\alpha/2}}
    \f]
  *
  * Where \f$ k \f$ is spatial frequency, \f$ \beta \f$ is a normalization constant, and outer scale \f$ L_0 \f$ is
  included via \f$ k_0 = 1/L_0 \f$.
  * For \f$ L_0 \rightarrow \infty \f$ this becomes a simple power law with index \f$ \alpha \f$.
  *
  * For atmospheric turbulence \f$ \alpha = 11/3 \f$ and the normalization is
  \f[
  \beta = \frac{\mathcal{A}_p}{r_0^{5/3}}
  \f]
  * where \f$ A_p  = 0.0218...\f$  (see \ref mx::AO::constants::a_PSD ).
  *
  * \ingroup mxAOAnalytic
  */
template <typename realT>
struct vonKarmanSpectrum
{
 
  protected:
    bool m_subPiston{ true }; ///< flag controlling whether piston is subtracted from the PSD.  Default is true.
    bool m_subTipTilt{
        false }; ///< flag controlling whether tip and tilt are subtracted from the PSD.  Default is false.
 
    bool m_scintillation{ false };          ///< flag controlling whether or not scintillation is included
    int m_component{ PSDComponent::phase }; ///< If m_scintillation is true, this controls whether phase (0), amplitude
                                            ///< (1), or dispersive contrast (2) is returned.
 
    realT m_D{ 1.0 }; ///< Diameter used for piston and tip/tilt subtraction, in m. Default is 1 m.
 
    const char *m_id = "von Karman";
 
    // realT m_alpha {eleven_thirds<realT>()}; ///< The power-law index, 11/3 for Kolmogorov
 
  public:
    /// Default Constructor
    vonKarmanSpectrum();
 
    /// Constructor specifying the parameters
    /**
     */
    vonKarmanSpectrum( bool subP, ///< [in] is the value of m_subPiston.
                       bool subT, ///< [in] is the value of m_subTipTilt.
                       realT D    ///< [in] is the value of m_D.
    );
 
    /// Get the value of m_subPiston
    /**
     * \returns m_subPiston
     */
    bool subPiston();
 
    /// Set the value of m_subPiston
    /**
     */
    void subPiston( bool sp /**< [in] is the new value of m_subPiston */ );
 
    /// Get the value of m_subTipTilt
    /**
     * \returns the value of m_subTipTilt.
     */
    bool subTipTilt();
 
    /// Set the value of the m_subTipTilt flag.
    /**
     */
    void subTipTilt( bool st /**< [in] the new value of m_subTipTilt.*/ );
 
    /// Get the value of m_scintillation
    /**
     * \returns m_scintillation
     */
    bool scintillation();
 
    /// Set the value of m_scintillation
    /**
     */
    void scintillation( bool sc /**< [in] the new value of m_scintillation*/ );
 
    /// Get the value of m_component
    /**
     * \returns m_component
     */
    int component();
 
    /// Set the value of m_component
    /**
     */
    int component( int cc /**< [in] the new value of m_component */ );
 
    /// Get the value of the diameter m_D.
    /**
     * \returns the current value of m_D, the diameter in m.
     */
    realT D();
 
    /// Set the aperture diameter
    /**
     */
    void D( realT nd /**< [in] the new diameter in m */ );
 
    /// Get the value of the PSD at spatial frequency k and a zenith distance.
    /**
     * \returns the von Karman PSD at the specified spatial frequency.
     * \returns -1 if an error occurs.
     *
     */
    template <class psdParamsT>
    realT operator()( psdParamsT &par, ///< [in] gives the PSD parameters.
                      size_t layer_i,
                      realT k,       ///< [in] is the spatial frequency in m^-1.
                      realT sec_zeta ///< [in] is the secant of the zenith distance.
    );
 
    /// Get the value of the PSD at spatial frequency k and wavelength lambda, and a zenith distance, with a WFS at a
    /// different wavelength
    /**
     *
     * \returns the von Karman PSD at the specified spatial frequency for the specified wavelength.
     * \returns -1 if an error occurs.
     */
    template <class psdParamsT>
    realT operator()( psdParamsT &par, ///< [in] gives the PSD parameters.
                      size_t layer_i,
                      realT k,          ///< [in] is the spatial frequency in m^-1.
                      realT lambda,     ///< [in] is the observation wavelength in m
                      realT lambda_wfs, ///< [in] is the wavefront measurement wavelength in m
                      realT secZeta     ///< [in] is the secant of the zenith distance
    );
 
    /// Get the fitting error for an actuator spacing d.
    /**
     * \todo generatlize for different alpha and beta
     *
     * \param atm gives the atmosphere parameters r_0 and L_0
     * \param d is the actuator spacing in m
     */
    // realT fittingError(aoAtmosphere<realT> &atm, realT d);
 
    template <typename iosT>
    iosT &dumpPSD( iosT &ios );
 
    /// Setup the configurator to configure this class
    /**
     * \test Loading aoAtmosphere config settings \ref tests_ao_analysis_aoAtmosphere_config "[test doc]"
     */
    void setupConfig( app::appConfigurator &config /**< [in] the app::configurator object*/ );
 
    /// Load the configuration of this class from a configurator
    /**
     * \test Loading aoAtmosphere config settings \ref tests_ao_analysis_aoAtmosphere_config "[test doc]"
     */
    void loadConfig( app::appConfigurator &config /**< [in] the app::configurator object*/ );
};
 
template <typename realT>
vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::vonKarmanSpectrum()
{
}
 
template <typename realT>
vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::vonKarmanSpectrum( bool subP, // [in] is the value of m_subPiston.
                                             bool subT, // [in] is the value of m_subTipTilt.
                                             realT D    // [in] is the diameter
)
{
    m_subPiston = subP;
    m_subTipTilt = subT;
    m_D = D;
}
 
template <typename realT>
bool vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::subPiston()
{
    return m_subPiston;
}
 
template <typename realT>
void vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::subPiston( bool sp /* [in] is the new value of m_subPiston */ )
{
    m_subPiston = sp;
}
 
template <typename realT>
bool vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::subTipTilt()
{
    return m_subTipTilt;
}
 
template <typename realT>
void vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::subTipTilt( bool st /* [in] the new value of m_subTipTilt */ )
{
    m_subTipTilt = st;
}
 
template <typename realT>
bool vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::scintillation()
{
    return m_scintillation;
}
 
template <typename realT>
void vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::scintillation( bool sc /* [in] the new value of m_scintillation */ )
{
    m_scintillation = sc;
}
 
template <typename realT>
int vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::component()
{
    return m_component;
}
 
template <typename realT>
int vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::component( int cc /* [in] the new value of m_component */ )
{
    if( cc != PSDComponent::phase && cc != PSDComponent::amplitude && cc != PSDComponent::dispPhase &&
        cc != PSDComponent::dispAmplitude )
    {
        mxError( "vonKarmanSpectrum::component", MXE_INVALIDARG, "Unknown component" );
        return -1;
    }
 
    m_component = cc;
    return 0;
}
 
template <typename realT>
realT vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::D()
{
    return m_D;
}
 
template <typename realT>
void vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::D( realT nd /**< [in] the new diameter in m */ )
{
    m_D = nd;
}
 
template <typename realT>
template <class psdParamsT>
realT vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::operator()( psdParamsT &par, //< [in] gives the PSD parameters.
                                            size_t layer_i,
                                            realT k,       // [in] is the spatial frequency in m^-1.
                                            realT sec_zeta // [in] is the secant of the zenith distance.
)
{
    realT k02;
 
    ///\todo this needs to handle layers with different L_0
    if( par.L_0( layer_i ) > 0 )
    {
        k02 = ( 1 ) / ( par.L_0( layer_i ) * par.L_0( layer_i ) );
    }
    else
        k02 = 0;
 
    if( k02 == 0 && k == 0 )
    {
        return 0;
    }
 
    realT Ppiston, Ptiptilt;
 
    if( ( m_subPiston || m_subTipTilt ) )
    {
        if( m_D == 0 )
        {
            mxError( "aoAtmosphere", MXE_PARAMNOTSET, "Diameter D not set for Piston and/or TT subtraction." );
            return -1;
        }
        if( m_subPiston )
        {
            Ppiston = pow( 2 * math::func::jinc( math::pi<realT>() * k * m_D ), 2 );
        }
        else
            Ppiston = 0;
 
        if( m_subTipTilt )
        {
            Ptiptilt = pow( 4 * math::func::jincN( 2, math::pi<realT>() * k * m_D ), 2 );
        }
        else
            Ptiptilt = 0;
    }
    else
    {
        Ppiston = 0;
        Ptiptilt = 0;
    }
 
    return ( par.beta( layer_i ) * pow( k * k + k02, -1 * par.alpha( layer_i ) / 2 ) + par.beta_0( layer_i ) ) *
           ( 1.0 - Ppiston - Ptiptilt ) * sec_zeta;
}
 
template <typename realT>
template <class psdParamsT>
realT vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::operator()(
    psdParamsT &par, // [in] gives the PSD parameters.
    size_t layer_i,
    realT k,          // [in] is the spatial frequency in m^-1.
    realT lambda,     // [in] is the observation wavelength in m.  Not used if par.nonKolmogorov==true
    realT lambda_wfs, // [in] is the wavefront measurement wavelength in m. Only used if m_scintillation==true.
    realT secZeta     // [in] is the secant of the zenith distance.
)
{
    realT psd = operator()( par, layer_i, k, secZeta );
 
    if( par.nonKolmogorov() == false )
    {
        psd *= pow( par.lam_0() / lambda, 2 );
    }
 
    if( psd < 0 )
        return -1;
 
    if( m_scintillation )
    {
        if( m_component == PSDComponent::phase )
        {
            psd *= ( par.X( k, lambda, secZeta ) );
        }
        else if( m_component == PSDComponent::amplitude )
        {
            psd *= ( par.Y( k, lambda, secZeta ) );
        }
        else if( m_component == PSDComponent::dispPhase )
        {
            psd *= ( par.X_Z( k, lambda, lambda_wfs, secZeta ) );
        }
        else if( m_component == PSDComponent::dispAmplitude )
        {
            mxError( "vonKarmanSpectrum::operator()", MXE_NOTIMPL, "Dispersive-aniso amplitude not implemented" );
            return 0;
        }
        else
        {
            mxError( "vonKarmanSpectrum::operator()", MXE_INVALIDARG, "Invalid component specified" );
            return 0;
        }
    }
 
    return psd;
}
 
/*template< typename realT>
realT vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::fittingError(aoAtmosphere<realT> &atm, realT d)
{
   realT k0;
   if(atm.L_0(0) > 0)
   {
      k0 = 1/ (atm.L_0(0)*atm.L_0(0));
   }
   else k0 = 0;
 
   return (math::pi<realT>() * math::six_fifths<realT>())* constants::a_PSD<realT>()/ pow(atm.r_0(),
math::five_thirds<realT>()) * (1./pow( pow(0.5/d,2) + k0, math::five_sixths<realT>()));
}*/
 
template <typename realT>
template <typename iosT>
iosT &vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::dumpPSD( iosT &ios )
{
    ios << "# PSD Parameters:" << '\n';
    ios << "#    ID = " << m_id << '\n';
    ios << "#    D = " << m_D << '\n';
    ios << "#    subPiston = " << std::boolalpha << m_subPiston << '\n';
    ios << "#    subTipTilt = " << std::boolalpha << m_subTipTilt << '\n';
    ios << "#    Scintillation = " << std::boolalpha << m_scintillation << '\n';
    ios << "#    Component = " << PSDComponent::compName( m_component ) << '\n';
    return ios;
}
 
template <typename realT>
void vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::setupConfig( app::appConfigurator &config )
{
    using namespace mx::app;
 
    config.add( "psd.D",
                "",
                "psd.D",
                argType::Required,
                "psd",
                "D",
                false,
                "real",
                "Aperture diameter.  Used for piston and tip/tilt subtraction." );
    config.add( "psd.subPiston", "", "psd.subPiston", argType::Required, "psd", "subPiston", false, "real", "" );
    config.add( "psd.subTipTilt", "", "psd.subTipTilt", argType::Required, "psd", "subTipTilt", false, "real", "" );
    config.add(
        "psd.scintillation", "", "psd.scintillation", argType::Required, "psd", "scintillation", false, "real", "" );
    config.add( "psd.component", "", "psd.component", argType::Required, "psd", "component", false, "real", "" );
}
 
template <typename realT>
void vonKarmanSpectrum<realT>::loadConfig( app::appConfigurator &config )
{
    // Here "has side effecs" means that the set function does more than simply copy the value.
 
    config( m_D, "psd.D" );
    config( m_subPiston, "psd.subPiston" );
    config( m_subTipTilt, "psd.subTipTilt" );
    config( m_scintillation, "psd.scintillation" );
 
    std::string cn = PSDComponent::compName( m_component );
    config( cn, "psd.component" );
    component( PSDComponent::compNum( cn ) );
}
 
extern template struct vonKarmanSpectrum<float>;
 
extern template struct vonKarmanSpectrum<double>;
 
extern template struct vonKarmanSpectrum<long double>;
 
#ifdef HASQUAD
extern template struct vonKarmanSpectrum<__float128>;
#endif
 
} // namespace analysis
} // namespace AO
} // namespace mx
 
#endif // aoPSDs_hpp